Tolerance between ia and acceptance tests are in table 4 016. Astm d4 862018 standard test method for bitumen content. Bitumen is categorized into different types according to its ingredients. Bitumen content this test is done to determine the bitumen content as per astm 2172. Applying sampling procedure for steel correctly applying sampling procedure for soils correctly applying sampling procedure for bitumen correctly applying sampling procedure for timber as required applying sampling procedure for concrete correctly applying sampling procedure for masonry correctly. For a full assessment of adhesion, the entire bitumenaggregateadhesion system must be tested which is beyond the scope of a bitumen specification. Ductility test on bitumen measures the distance in centimeters to which it elongates before breaking. This dish of at least 350 ml capacity is fitted with a suitable support to hold the sample container firm and level during testing. No better, practical test procedure was identified to warrant replacement of the currently used vialit test, but suggestions were made for changes to the method to potentially improve its precision. The water in bitumen determined by mixing known weight of specimen in a pure petroleum distillate free from water, heating and distilling of the water.
The new viscosity grading system conforms to is 732006 paving bitumen specification third revision. Apparatus required, theory, procedure, precautions, observations, reporting and recommended values of bitumen ductility is discussed in this article. Laboratory test procedures applied for mix design e. Laboratory test procedure for determining bulk specific gravity of. Water content in bitumen is determined by dean and stark method. The softening point is defined as the mean of the temperatures at which the bitumen disks soften and sag downwards a distance of 25 mm under the weight of a steel ball. Softening point of bitumen, test method isfahan bitumen. It has been shown that the performance of polymer modified bitumen with polyethylene is better than conventional 80100 grade bitumen and binder modified with crumb rubber. For example, if the bitumen has any amount of sulfur, it will be titled as iraqi bitumen. The temperature of oven should not exceed the 90c above the softening point 35 45c. Dedicated to my wife specioza and my daughter grace.
In viscosity grade viscosity test are conducted at 60 c and 5 c which represents the temperature of road surface during summer and. Mscr testing is carried out at high binder strain values, far outside the lve range. Design procedure for bituminous stabilized road surfaces. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ringand.
Foreword this guide is a refined edition of the road construction. Generally higher penetration bitumen is preferred for use in cold climate and smaller penetration bitumen is used in hot climate areas. Performance of quality control tests at laboratory facilities other than the plantsite laboratory are allowed provided the laboratory facilities are owned by the producer, all test procedure criteria are satisfied, and the test results are furnished in writing to the plantsite laboratory within two working days. The standardized procedure for this test can be found in astm d5 astm, 2001. It is desirable that the bitumen contains minimum water content to prevent foaming of the bitumen when it heated above the boiling point of water. Softening point is the temperature at which tar in soft loop and pass the ball through the hoop. Make at least three determinations at points on the surface of the sample not less than 10mm apart and not less than 10mm from the side of the dish. Table 4015 test frequency aashto t 59, emulsified asphalts 2 test results per project. Procedure for solubility test on bitumen in the standard test for bitumen content astm d4, a small sample of about 2 g of the asphalt is dissolved in 100 ml of carbon disulfide and the solution is filtered through a filtering mat in a filtering crucible. The apparatus needed to determine bitumen content are i centrifuge extractor ii miscellaneous bowl, filter paper, balance and commercial benzene. Various laboratory tests on bitumen is conducted to check quality and different properties of bitumen for pavement construction. Testing is required to be completed within two working days of the time the sample was taken. Penetration test of bitumenprocedure, apparatus, and uses for road construction 1 year ago cementconcrete penetration test of bitumen determines the hardness or softness of bitumen by measuring the depth in millimeter to which a standard loaded needle will penetrate vertically in five seconds while the temperature of the bitumen sample is.
Bitumen process definition of bitumen process by merriam. Exp 12 softening point of bitumen civil engineers pk. Viscosity grade bitumen is categorized according to viscosity. Solubility of bituminous materials test set supports the following standards. The aashto standard test procedure reports the percentage of material finer than the no. In the first step, a specific amount of bitumen is dissolved in a proper solvent. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Note 2the precision statement for ductility, as presented in fig. Ductility of bitumen is its property to elongate under traffic load without getting cracked in road construction works. This method of upgrading aggregatesurfaced roads can save money by. In the mscr test procedure, the nonrecoverable compliance j. Bitumen should be just sufficient to fill the container to a depth of at least 15mm in excess of the expected penetration.
Place the rings, previously heated to a temperature approximately to that of. About 1250g sample was collected as capacity of the bitumen extraction equipment. The water bath liquid shall be freshly boiled distilled water when testing materials having softening points below 80 0c and pure glycerin for material having. Pdf testing of bitumenaggregate affinity by various methods. Sir is there any standard procedure of sampling of rolled b t road for determination of bitumen content. In the standard test for bitumen content astm d4, a small sample of about 2 g of the asphalt is dissolved in 100 ml of carbon disulfide and the solution is filtered through a filtering mat in a filtering crucible.
Definition softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening under specified conditions of test. In no case should the temperature be raised to more than 90 c above expected softening point for petroleum asphalt bitumen. Testing of bitumenaggregate affinity by various methods. Ppt types of bitumen and their test methods powerpoint. Road construction materials basic knowledge and test procedures j. Penetration test is used to measure the consistency of bitumen, so that they can be classified into standard grades. The producer is required to designate the testing procedures to be used for control of the aggregates, rap, and mixture. Procedure for the ductility test of bitumen the bituminous material tested is completely melted by heating it to a temperature of 75 to 100 degree celcius above the approximate softening point until it becomes thoroughly fluid. This is a reformatted version of the procedure last published in july 20 with some minor changes refer to the change history. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Isfahan bitumen production company ibpc is a dynamic and reputable company based in historic city of isfahan, iran.
For a full assessment of adhesion, the entire bitumen aggregateadhesion system must be tested which is beyond the scope of a bitumen specification. Tests and frequency for ia for viscosity and sieve are shown in table 4015. In this test we examine the consistency of a sample of bitumen by determining the distance in tenths of a millimetre that a standard needle vertically penetrates the bitumen specimen under known conditions of loading, time and temperature. In this method, the bitumen sample is kept in 500ml heat resistant glass container. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Bitumen quality and manufacturing processespast and. Tests applied on bitumen procedure of tests on asphalt. Brass ring device filled with molten bitumen and bitumen wait until cool. Kisunge road construction materials basic knowledge and test procedures j. It is an empirical test which measures the consistency hardness of an asphalt at a specified test condition. Bitumen is very important component of many construction sites like roads, highways. As indicated in the scope of the standard, use of these procedures is aimed at classification of the formulations of compacted bitumen mixes in terms of the stiffness modulus as a guide to estimation, by designers, of structural behaviour and, once the test configuration. Experimental study in the present work experimental study was carried out using polymer modified bitumen, pmb70 and conventional bitumen of 6070.
Design procedure for bituminous stabilized road surfaces for. Seal the container as soon as possible after sampling. Various lab test on bitumen posted in material testing. The bitumen above the softening point between 75 and 100oc is softened. Astm d2042, astm d4, aashto t44 test set is used to determine the degree of solubility in trichloroethylene of asphalt materials having little or no mineral matter. Bitumen water content test water in bituminous materials. Bitumen content test of a bituminous mix purpose the test determines the bitumen content in the bituminous mix by cold solvent extraction. Table 4016 test tolerance aashto t 59, emulsified asphalts. Stir it thoroughly until it is homogeneous and free from air bubbles and water. Exp 8 penetration test of bitumen civil engineers pk. Release the needle for five seconds and measure the distance penetrated. Two grams of bitumen tested guarantee, does add ten milliliters suitable solvent to dissolve in the solvent of bitumen is repeated 8 cycles following after five seconds of the eighth pitch of all samples should be completely dissolved in a solvent. It is not expected for the modulus values obtained to be univocal, whatever the procedure. Design procedure for bituminous stabilized road surfaces for low volume roads 200828.
Ip bitumen safety code provides good health, safety and environmental pr otection practice, rather than a set of rigid rules, for the whole product life cycle of manufacture, ble nding, storage, distribution, handling, use and sampling. Bitumen quality aspects in view of huge expenditure involved in the construction of new roads and maintenance of the existing road network, the quality considerations of bitumen have become a subject ofinterese4. Report on available test and mix design procedures for. Managing the risks of working with bitumen and bituminous products. Penetration test of bitumendefinition and procedure of. This test determine the consistency and thereby the grade of the bitumen. The producer is required to keep the test results on file for a minimum period of three years. Generally there are two method used for the bitumen extraction test. Consistency of a bituminous material expressed as the distance in tenths of a millimeter that a standard needle vertically penetrates a sample of the material under known conditions of loading, time, and temperature.
Stir until it is completely fluid and free from air bubbles and water, and filter if necessary, through is sieve 30. Pdf road construction materials basic knowledge and test. Examine the needle holder and guide to establish the absence of water and other extraneous materials. It composes 87% carbon, 11% hydrogen and 2% oxygen by weight. The properties of bituminous materials are dependent on the amount of bitumen used to coat the constant components of the mix. Procedure soften the material to a pouring consistency at a temperature not more than 60 0c for tars and pitches and not more than 90 0c for bitumen above the approximate respective softening points. How to test water content of bitumen tesing of water content of bitumen 6070,4050 and bitumen 80100 it is desirable that the bitumen 4050, 6070 and bitumen 80100 contains minimum water content to prevent foaming of the bitumen 4050, 6070 and bitumen 80100 when it is heated above the boiling point of water.
Assemble the apparatus with the rings, thermometer and ball guides in position fill the bath to a height of 50mm above the upper surface of the rings with the freshly boiled distilled water or pure glycerin at a temperature of 5 0c. In poland, as in many european countries belonging to cen, the adhesion of bitumen to aggregates is tested according to en 1269111 method a. The penetration test is one of the oldest and most commonlyused tests on asphalt cements or residues from distillation of asphalt cutbacks or emulsions. Sample was selected from dump truck which is in the site and then it was put in to the oven. Sample size was depended on maximum aggregate size of the mixture and capacity of the extraction equipment. However, some bituminous materials containing finely divided mineral matter may clog the filter or the mineral residue may not be easily retained, in which cases procedure no. A depression made in the sample by a needle weight which is measured in tenths of a millimeter and expressed, as penetration number. Asphalt bitumen the layout and pagination of this pdf file are not identical to the version in press first draft prepared by ms joann a.
Bitumen extraction test is used to determine the amount of bitumen that is actually used as binding content in asphaltic pavement or asphaltic concrete recently laid at site. Clean a penetration needle with toluene or other suitable solvent, dry with a clean cloth, and insert the needle into the penetrometer. Bitumen quality and manufacturing processespast and present. Bitumen content may usually be expeditiously and accurately determined by procedure no. In 2010, a new procedure was introduced in poland for the testing of.
Penetration test of bitumenprocedure, apparatus, and uses. There are many tests which are conducted to check the quality of bitumen. Test method to determine the softening point of bitumen based on astmd36. This is the most widely used method of measuring the consistency of a bituminous material at a given temperature. Bitumen process definition is a photographic process in which advantage is taken of the fact that prepared bitumen is rendered insoluble in benzene or other organic solvents by exposure to light as in photolithography. To perform penetration test on bitumen civil engineering. Many tests are done to ensure the quality of bitumen. Standard test method for ductility of bituminous materials. Procedure heat the material to a temperature between 75 to 100 0c above its softening point. Greater value of penetration indicates softer consistency. Bitumen is a black or brown mixture of hydrocarbons obtained by partial distillation of crude petroleum.
Various lab tests on bitumen for pavement construction. Bitumen performance tests april 2016 nz transport agency. Typical compositions of coldrecycled bitumen stabilised materials. Bitumen penetration test procedure pdf download 16kp9n. Centrifuge method is usually used so for todays post i would also be dealing only the centrifuge method for bitumen extraction test and is standardized by american society for testing materials astm 2172. To prevent this bitumen should have minimum water content in it. Design procedure for bituminous stabilized road surfaces for low volume roads.
Laboratory testing of polymer modified bitumen test data were from the quality control of pmb samples in the period 2009 to 2012. The procedure requires parameters such as soil type, strength, and average daily traffic to conduct the analysis. Olsen, and dr marie haring sweeney, national institute for occupational safety and health, cincinnati, ohio, usa. When bitumen is heated above the boiling point of water, sometimes foaming of bitumen occurs. It is stirred thoroughly to remove air bubbles and water.
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