Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that. Revised edition released august 2009 previously presented at the 62nd annual conference for protective relay engineers, march 2009 previous revised editions released december 2008 and october 2008 originally presented at the. Power systems protection and relaying ansiieee standard. Distance protection relay trainer has built in requisite relay testing kit typically consisting of rl transmission line 125kms 250kms, trip relay logic etc. Ppt protection and relay schemes powerpoint presentation. Frlan2 1faculty of electrical engineering and computing, university in zagreb, unska 3, 0 zagreb, croatia, juraj. Linking theory with testing fernando calero, schweitzer engineering laboratories, inc. In order to analyze the operation of the protection system during induced fault testing in the croatian power system, a simulation using the cape software has been performed.
An algorithm to detect secondary arc extinction is also available to help high. Testing distance protection page 2 test universe 3. Distance relay protection relay telecommunications. Single pole tripping using distance protection is a challenging application. By hardwareintheloop hil test setup two commercial relays were connected to the realtime digital. The traditional distance protection settings for a distance relay are as follows and displayed in. Introduction distance protection is one of the most important components of protection systems available to protection engineers. The basic principle of distance protection involves the division of the voltage at the relaying point by the measured current. Linking theory with testing fernando calero schweitzer engineering laboratories, inc. More specifically, the relay operates depending upon the impedance between the point of fault and the point where relay is installed. As the name suggests, one of the main functions provided by the relay is zdistance protection 21 or impedance protection. Authors paul price, nate myers, jim dehaan bureau of reclamation hydropower technical services group denver, colorado 5d. Distance protection meets the requirements of speed and reliability needed to protect electric circuits, thus distance protection is used to a large extend on power system networks.
Siprotec 7sa522 protection relay single line diagram provides fullscheme distance protection and incorporates all functions usually required for the protection of a power line this particulary relay has following ansi protection functions. An mta test starts on one side of a circle characteristic and changes the angle until a pickup is detected. Differential protection is easier to integrate into a protection philosophy as distance protection, as it is a unit protection. Basic template is used to test the basic function of one relay distance relay.
This requirement is taken into consideration in the following sections of the paper. Pdf in order to analyze the operation of the protection system during induced fault testing in the croatian power system, a simulation using. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Pdf stagedfault testing of distance protection relay settings. Pdf on mar 21, 2018, bogdan kasztenny and others published testing considerations for modern distance relays find. However, any relay tester can perform successful endtoend tests with a basic a basic understanding of transmission line protection or 21. Testing and commissioning guideline for numerical distance. There is one type of relay which functions depending upon the distance of fault in the line. Device numbers the more commonly used ones are in bold 1 master element 2 time delay starting or closing relay 3 checking or interlocking relay 4 master contactor 5 stopping device. Maximum torque angle mta tests an mta test starts on one side of a circle characteristic and changes the angle until a pickup is detected. The tests themselves will reveal catastrophic failures. Lets look at the traditional methods for line distance protection testing that many relay testers, and automated software, use to test line impedance protection. Ge power management periodic relay testing 21 get3473b 2 recommended routine relay tests 2 get3473b 2 recommended routine relay tests 2. Test quantities for distance elements from sc program phase distance failed to operated for 3lg faults.
Protection and testing considerations for iec 61850. Use of filtered voltages and currents generally provides a protective relay immunity to power system harmonics such as those resulting from transformer energization. Testing and operational experiences with high speed distance relay in bpa 500 kv series compensated network thomas s roseburg murari m saha, janez zakonjsek bpa, usa abb, sweden 1. Ge power management periodic relay testing 11 get3473b 1 periodic relay testing 1 get3473b 1 periodic relay testing 1. First of all, the secondary currents and voltages that are applied to the distance protection relay are filtered and processed in the analog input module and provide. As can be seen from the figure, the testing should include any visible behavior of the tested distance relay. Before testing can begin the settings of the relay to. Protection functions distance relay 21 characteristic of distance zones. Stagedfault testing of distance protection relay settings in.
The apparent impedance so calculated is compared with the reach point impedance. Protection and testing considerations for iec 61850 sampled valuesbased distance and line current differential schemes steven chase, erin jessup, mauricio silveira, jiawei dong, and qiaoyin yang, schweitzer engineering laboratories, inc. Principles and characteristics of distance protection. Fist 38, operation, maintenance, and field test procedures for protective relays and associated circuits 5a. The numerical distance protection relay used is rel 5112.
Abstractperforming tests on individual relays is a common practice for relay engineers and technicians. Protection systems require testing to assure proper operation 3 separate stages of testing over protection systems life type testing commission testing lifecycle maintenance testing commission testing is critical assure safety functional operation equally critical in both utility and industrial systems. Rel670 line distance protection substation automation. Stagedfault testing of distance protection relay settings. These relays are known as distance relay or impedance relay. The trainer needs a few set of associated relay testing panels 78 nos.
Ground distance relays understanding the various methods of residual compensation, setting the resistive reach of polygon characteristics, and ways of modeling and testing the relay 2 residual compensation and zerosequence current compensation most ground distance relays are designed so that they measure and can be set in terms of positive. Testing and commissioning numerical distance protection relay any kind of power system shunt fault results in customers being disconnected if not cleared quickly. For this reason it is very helpful to have a versatile test set, which also has the ability to record and analyze transient signals. Abstractunderstanding and testing distance elements require linking the theory related to their design to the fault voltages and currents used during tests. Distance protection calculation formulas and procedures. Protection relay testing and commissioning cedengineering. Which of the procedures described below are added to your test plan will depend on the specific project or industry specifications, to be determined by the equipment owner or system engineer. Circuit diagram for traditional test set for directionaldistance relays. Automated testing of pmu compliance english pdf white paper location of intercircuit faults on. Psl 6603u is always configured as a multifunction device. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. The mho function uses the current and voltage measured at the relay to determine if the apparent impedance plots within the mho characteristic. Relion red670 and red650 offer either a dedicated line differential protection ied, or a so called multifunction device, whereby distance protection is integrated with the ied as well.
Relay settings calculations electrical engineering. Distance protection calculation formulas and procedures 1. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Schweitzer, iii, and jeff roberts schweitzer engineering laboratories, inc. Scope this document introduces the application of the distance protection function in the ref 542plus feeder terminal. Thus, procedures and records should be designed with preventive maintenance as the guide. The following safety and common symbols may be used in this manual and on the equipment. Endtoend testing is considered to be the ultimate test for protective relay. Testing of distance protection relays and ieds is one of the key requirements to ensure their correct operation under short circuit faults and other abnormal. Conventional distance relay measures positive sequence impedance for protecting transmission line from short circuit faults. Operation, maintenance, and field test procedures for.
Sep 26, 2016 distance protection calculation formulas and procedures 1. Abstractthe implementation of sampled valuesbased sv. Sep 01, 2018 there is one type of relay which functions depending upon the distance of fault in the line. Annual inspection all relays shall be given an annual inspec tion. Protective relay modelling in the power system threephase currents sensed by the cts in the power system are noisy analog signals that must be. If the measured impedance is less than the reach point impedance, it is assumed that a fault exists on the line between the relay and the. The relion product family offers the widest range of products for the protection, control, measurement and supervision of power systems. Understanding and testing the abb red670 distance line differential relay 10 introduction before starting the relay distance relays 87l2167n are used in line protection and cable protection schemes. Protection subcommittee report 2 and control functions.
This impedance between the relay and the fault depends on the electrical distance between them. This guide focuses on the general approach and specific procedures for testing protective relaying systems that include multiple interacting relay components, auxiliary devices, and power apparatus. Jan 04, 2015 endtoend testing can appear to be a daunting task. Sel311c distance protection settings distance zone nonhomogeneous correction angle load impedance and load encroachment power swing detection out of step detection switch on to fault sotf fuse failure scheme or loss of potential lop sel351a backup over current settings back up over current. It requires advanced stabilization methods to create a reliable line differential protection scheme. Understanding and testing the abb red670 distanceline differential relay 10 introduction before starting the relay distance relays 87l2167n are used in line protection and cable protection schemes. Distance relay the multifunction distance relay is suitable for providing the distance protection function on singlebreaker transmission lines with single or threepole tripping and reclosing schemes. Protective relay modelling in the power system threephase currents sensed by the cts in the power system are noisy analog signals that must be sampled. This diagram is exactly equal to an rx diagram except that all of the impedance vectors have been operated on by the current i. Technical manual, line distance protection rel670 version 2. Distance relay or impedance relay working principle types. The characteristics for a phase distance function and a ground distance function that use positive sequence voltage polarization are shown in figure 3 1 and are drawn for a phasetophase and phasetoground fault respectively.
This guideline is entitled numerical distance protection relay commission and testing with the aims to calculate settings for the protection relay. A distance relay must correctly identify a singlephase fault, and trip only the circuit breaker pole for the faulted phase. The methodology of testing has been slowly progressing from steady state to simulating real system conditions but. Distance protection relay is the name given to the protection, whose action depends on the distance of the feeding point to the fault. Line differential protection substation automation. If a protection system is displaying unexpected behavior, you need to find its cause quickly. Understanding and testing the abb red670 distanceline. Testing and evaluation of distance protection in system with high pv. For example, consider the case of a distance function that uses positive sequence voltage as the polarizing signal. Protective relay testing may be divided into three categories. Distance relay response to transformer energization. Distance relay the multifunction distance relay is suitable for providing the distanceprotection function on singlebreaker transmission lines with single or threepole tripping and reclosing schemes.
First relay with distance protection function was designed by kramer, chr. This relay testing book is our core handbook and is used by large organizations across north america in their training programs. Grounddistancerelay connections, 360 groundfault neutralizer, effect on line relaying, 321 to mitigate the effect of a fault, 2 grounding protective relay for trans former protection, 263 ground preference, 91, 108 ground resistance, 303 groundingtranaformer protection, 268 hsrmoniccurrent restraint, for distance relays. Why do traditional line distance protection relay testing. The time of operation of such protection is a function of the ratio of voltage and current, i. Commission testing methods for protection systems mipsycon. Over the years, different methods have been adopted to test the characteristics, reach and maximum torque angle of a distance relay as part of acceptance testing.
Distance relay protection free download as powerpoint presentation. Jul 03, 2014 endtoend testing can appear to be a daunting task. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Performance analysis of distance protection using different. Numerical distance protection relay commissioning and testing. Most utilities have a wide variety of test plans and practices. Series compensation improves performance of transmission line but effect on positive sequence impedance of network. The distance protection function is designed to provide selective power system feeder protection. Loss of channel options for phase comparison relay rel 352 english pdf information phase comparison relay.
Before testing can begin the settings of the relay to be tested. Testing of advanced distance protection relays ieee xplore. Ground distance relay connections, 360 groundfault neutralizer, effect on line relaying, 321 to mitigate the effect of a fault, 2 grounding protective relay for trans former protection, 263 ground preference, 91, 108 ground resistance, 303 groundingtranaformer protection, 268 hsrmoniccurrent restraint, for distance relays. This paper focuses on the application of distance relays on or near power transformers. A simple mho distance function, with a reach of z ohms, is shown in figure 1. Distance relay 23 temperature control device 24 volts per hertz relay. The test faults performed in zones 1, 2 and 3 are threephase fault, singlephase to. Protection engineers liv e with terms m ho or quad related to distance protection relays. Testing the impedance characteristic of a distance relay 29.
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